Pdf lecture critique eva bellin, the robustness of. Jul, 2011 middle east centre public lecture democracy, authoritarianism and regime change in the arab world professor lisa anderson provost, american university in cairo london school of economics and political science wednesday july 2011 check against delivery. Graduate seminar on middle eastern politics lisa blaydes o ce phone. Authoritarian democracy and democratic authoritarianism jon b. Authoritarian persistence, democratization theory and the middle east. Reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east. In line with this, cirs launched a research initiative on the evolving ruling bargain in the middle east. The robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east researchgate.
I believe they are all explaining the same phenomenon from a different angle or just measuri. The readings are organized thematically rather than geographically, covering major issues in comparative politics and some of the most important recent scholarship on middle east politics. Authoritarian persistence, democratization theory and the. Meliha altunk july 2014, 146 pages this thesis analyzes the variables that have impacts on durability and stability of the. Bellin reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism. Jamal, introduction and chapter 1 from of empires and citizens.
In the middle east, then, class formations and identities are made by regimes bent on reproducing socioeconomic coalitions sustaining them in power. Phrase searching you can use double quotes to search for a series of words in a particular order. Exceptionalism in comparative perspective explanations of the robustness of. Different paths to democracy in the mena region longdom. Why does authoritarianism tend to persist in the middle east. Exceptionalism in comparative perspective created date. Leading approaches to this question highlight the importance of institutional.
Persistence of authoritarianism in the middle east and. There are a number of different theories of why it has been so hard for democracy to take root in the middle east, with various studies pointing to factors like poverty, lack of education, inequality, interference by colonial powers andor the cold war powers, or a lack of established civil society. The roots of authoritarianism in the middle east springerlink. The robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east essay.
The robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east scholars at. Authoritarianism in the middle east addresses this question, focusing on the role of political institutions and the strategic choices made by both rulers and opposition challengers. No prior knowledge of the region is required, but would be helpful. In this respect the distinction between the interpretation of the arab ethnic share as an intrinsic cultural marker and as a proxy for some unobservable is importantif the former is correct, then one would expect the likelihood of regime change to rise only gradually over time, whereas if it is the latter, the probabilities may exhibit much. On the one hand the first process triggers a universalistic set of events, processes and symbols. Authoritarianism is a form of government characterized by strong central power and limited political freedoms. Up g r a d i n g au thoritarianism in t h e ar a b wo r l d. Explanations of the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east and north africa have focused on absent prerequisites of democratization in the region, including weak civil society, statedominated economies, poor socioeconomic performance, and nondemocratic culture. Exceptionalism in comparative perpsective, comparative politics, vol. Geopolitics and democracy in the middle east the web site cannot. Explanations of the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east and north africa have focused on absent prerequisites of democratization in.
Why middle east studies missed the arab spring the myth of authoritarian stability by f. Thus, the solution to the puzzle of middle eastern and north african exceptional ism lies less in absent prerequisites of democratization and more in present condi tions that foster robust authoritarianism, specifically a robust coercive apparatus in these states. Response to eva bellin, ellen lust, and marc lynch. Why do authoritarian regimes prevail in the middle east, while successful democratic transitions are occurring elsewhere in the developing world. Mcguire anne mariel peters department of government wesleyan university 238 church street middletown, ct, 064590019. The concern over issues of democracy in the middle east has been prevalent among academics since the end of the cold war and the subsequent third wave of global democratization, from which the middle east was largely exempt. The endurance of authoritarian regimes in the middle east is notable in comparison to the rest of the world. Anatomy of authoritarianism in the arab republics by. Explanations of the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east and north africa have focused on absent prerequisites of democratization in the region, including weak civil society, state. Exceptionalism in comparative perspective comparative politics 36.
Exceptionalism in comparative perspective, 36 comp. As a group, these six books draw the middle east back into a debate within the social sciences about the legacies of political institutions and regime types. The return of authoritarianism is priming the middle east for. Reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle. He was a senior economist at the council of economic advisers in the executive office of the president of the united states and has held research or teaching. Political scientists have created many typologies describing variations of authoritarian forms of government. Political science 307f topics in comparative politics. Reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the midd. The new media and democratization in the middle east the. Exceptionalism in comparative perspective, in comparative politics 36, 2 january 2004, pp. Name institution course instructor date the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east bellin wrote an article describing the causes that have prevented the middle studentshare our website is a unique platform where students can share their papers in a matter of giving an example of the work to be done. However, this simplistic frame obscures a more significant development.
Reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the. Schooling, economic opportunities, and the arab spring, journal of economic perspectives. Bellin, eva r the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east. Request pdf the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east. Reconsidering durability of authoritarian regime and possibilities of democratization in tunisia yaar, nebahat msc. Democracy and authoritarianism in the middle east 22 dec 2009 introduction over the past few decades and especially at the turn of the century, there has been a flurry of reforms proposed and passed by governments in the middle east, seeking to of modernization, as well as promising progress towards a more democratic, politicallyopen society. Name institution course instructor date the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east bellin wrote an article describing the causes that have prevented the middle east and north african countries from accepting reforms. Persistence of authoritarianism in the middle east and north africa ralph myers on. Yet middle eastern history also includes significant episodes of conflict between rulers and proponents of change. This has led us to ask, how can class best be defined and its explanatory value understood in the middle east and, most importantly, how does the overlap between class and. Authoritarianism and its adversaries in the arab world. Authoritarian persistence, democratization theory and the middle.
Pdf the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east. Democracy, authoritarianism and regime change in the arab world. Working paper 055 explaining middle eastern authoritarianism. Lessons from the arab spring, comparative politics. Although there are no earth shattering new arguments and many of the essays seem rather selfevident to one who is familiar with the region, it nonetheless provides a rare look into the politics of the middle east that is often missing from generalized discussions of authoritarianism. Feb 09, 2018 there are different taxonomies of cultures, each proposed by a different thinker, and not neccessarily these classifications should contradict each other. The remarkable resilience of authoritarian regimes in the region including north africa have stood in contrast to the democratisation that many developing nations have undertaken in the last two decades, much work on regime longevity has thus centred around the idea that the middle east lacks certain political and cultural prerequisites needed for democratisation. Two stories characterize the middle east in generaland the arab world in particular. Gregory gause iii, foreign affairs, julaug2011, vol. Joining the usled international coalition against daesh has served. Your analysis should integrate at least one of the theories or concepts covered in the class lectures or readings. Sustaining authoritarianism in the middle east and north africa. Looking in depth at two states that have had significantly different outcomes from the uprisings tunisia and bahrain the article analyses the. His research interests include middle east politics generally and syria, lebanon, and iraq in particular and focus on authoritarian governance, corruption, armed conflict, and refugee issues.
King why the persistence of authoritarianism in the arab world. The robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east. Noureddine jebnoun is a faculty member at georgetown universitys center for. However eva bellins paper the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east argues that none of those factors seem to adequately explain the situation in the middle east, especially in light of the relative success of democracy in places like subsaharan africa. While on the other hand, the second process involves a much more particularistic set of realistic. The principal aim will be to analyse what the principle cause for the persistence of authoritarianism in the mena is. Events in the middle east warrant going back to that article because. Nyu classes eva bellin, the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east, in comparative politics 36. Our teams are looking into this as we speak and we hope to be able to resolve this issue as soon as possible. Authoritarian regimes may be either autocratic or oligarchic in nature, and may be based upon the rule of a party or the.
These efforts to bring the middle east back in to the study of political reform and democratic transitions bore fruition, significantly, with the january 2004 publication of a special issue of comparative politics, a leading journal, devoted to the durability of authoritarianism in the middle east. Alterman friday, may 29, 2009 for a part of the world that doesnt have a lot of freedom, the middle east certainly has. Compare the best pdf software in the middle east of 2020 for your business. For example, world war ii with quotes will give more precise results than world war ii without quotes. Totalitarian and authoritarian political structures 3. Authoritarianism and its adversaries in the arab world by jill crystal kevin dwyer. Authoritarianism and the military in modern asia 6. Starting in tunisia and spreading quickly to egypt, bahrain, yemen. While a completely authoritarian state exerts absolute power over its citizens, most modern authoritarian governments are better served by taking public sentiment into account, even if. Explaining middle eastern authoritarianism marcus noland marcus noland, senior fellow, has been associated with the institute since 1985. Whereas most other regions in the world have embarked upon a path of democratisation, trends in the mena appear to be adverse. Reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east lessons learned from the arab spring by eva bellin 2012 outline.
Structural conditions and causal processes revisited data sources, descriptive statistics, robustness checks, and quantities of interest james w. Reconsidering the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east lessons from the arab spring eva bellin valeriia gladkaia, uco 454490. Identity politics and authoritarianism in a new middle east. The new authoritarianism in the middle east and north africa. Jul 30, 2005 why do authoritarian regimes prevail in the middle east, while successful democratic transitions are occurring elsewhere in the developing world. Conclusion 1 introduction about the author 2 summary for the text and its main arguments the thesis and the main. Scientific essay from the year 2009 in the subject politics international politics region. Today, conflict in the middle east is reduced to saudiiranian rivalry. First, the article briefly surveys how the arab uprisings have influenced debates on arab authoritarianism and identity politics in the middle east regarding a newand darker form of. Drozvincent, philippe, from political to economic actors. Excerpted from authoritarianism in the middle east.
While such regimes have fallen throughout subsaharan africa, for example, they have persisted in the middle east. This article builds upon the authors previous article, the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east, comparative politics, 36 january 2004. They are robust authoritarian regimes suffering economic dysfunction under the stifling institutional stagnation of. Cambridge core middle east studies anatomy of authoritarianism in the arab republics by joseph sassoon due to high volumes of traffic at this time we are experiencing some slowness on the site.
The net result is that there remain a number of blind spots regarding the role of civil society. Democratization and regime stability in arab authoritarian regimes a thesis submitted to the faculty of the graduate school of arts and sciences of georgetown university in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of master of arts in security studies by alissa emily gordon, a. Much of the research on authoritarian durability in the middle east had focused. Why have authoritarian regimes in the middle east proven. Authoritarianism and protest politics in the middle east. Springborg 1990 politics in the middle east, 3rd edn. These books explain the longevity of monarchical rule in the middle east as something more than the persistence of traditional islam. Democracy in the middle east and north africa wikipedia.
Up g r a d i n g au thoritarianism in t h e ar a b wo r l d st e v e n he y d e m a n n analysis paper number, october 2007 th e br o o k i n g s in s t i t u t i o n 1775 massach u set ts av e. He formerly worked as middle east analyst for the international crisis group based in beirut 20022005. Exceptionalism in comparative perspective, comparative politics, 36 2, pp. Through a unique collection of essays drawn from rich case studies, authoritarianism in the middle east provides important insights into the ongoing instabilities of the middle east, and the authoritarianism and democratisation processes that have led to dramatic sociopolitical transformations. Authoritarian stability through perpetual democratisation iai. Authoritarianism in arab countries read the uoc materials on this issue, they provide a summary of the main theoretical schools and relevant debates bellin, eva 2004 the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east comparative politics, n. Combining these elements as the core components of. The story is that emergent iranian hegemonic designs in the levant pose a threat to regional peace that needs to be countered. A secondary objective will be to establish whether the term mena exceptionalism is applicable, or whether the persistence of authoritarianism in the region can be explained through general theories on the subject. The region of the middle east and north africa mena appears to be an exception when it comes to the persistence of authoritarianism. The purpose of this project is to scrutinize the ways in which domestic political arrangements in the middle east are evolving, and how the authoritarian bargains are being challenged. While the number of electoral democracies has nearly doubled. Bellin, eva, the robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east.
Why middle east studies missed the arab spring the myth of. It also provided new insights into the politics and variety offorms of authoritarianism and the speci. You can earn extra credit by writing a brief 34 1 page analytic piece addressing a relevant theme on middle east politics. Authoritarian regimes and their perpetuation in the middle. Why have the middle east and north africa remained so singularly resistant to democratization. The new authoritarianism in the middle east and north africa indiana series in middle east studies king, stephen j. Starting in tunisia and spreading quickly to egypt, bahrain, yemen, libya, syria and beyond, a wave of political protest, unprecedented in scope and ambition. The robustness of authoritarianism in the middle east exceptionalism in comparative perspective eva bellin why have the middle east and north africa remained so singularly resistant to democratization.